Diametrically opposed sex-specific effects of autistic traits on risk-taking in poker.
Yosuke Eriguchi; Satoshi Eguchi; Hitoshi Kuwabara; Naoto Aoki; Miho Kuroda; Eisuke Sakakibara; Kiyoto Kasai; Yukiko Kano
PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences, Sep. 2026, [Reviewed]
AIM: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) clinical manifestations diverge significantly by sex, often leading to diagnostic delays in females. While social factors like camouflaging are recognized, the underlying computational mechanisms remain elusive. We investigated whether strategic decision-making under incomplete information reflects these sex-specific phenotypes through a Bayesian framework. METHODS: Twenty poker-naive adults (9 males, 11 females) with varying ASD traits played 100 hands of Texas Hold'em against a poker program. We employed generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs) incorporating interactions between sex and the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, Second Edition (ADOS-2), while controlling for full-scale intelligence quotient (IQ), anxiety, and depression as covariates. RESULTS: We identified a significant Sex × ADOS-2 interaction. Males with higher ASD traits exhibited "aggressive rigidity", characterized by increased betting and high-risk bluffing (heavy investment with weak hands), reflecting a prior over-precision that ignores negative feedback. Conversely, high-trait females demonstrated "avoidant rigidity", marked by extreme risk-aversion and under-betting even with strong hands. While higher IQ facilitated adaptive strategic resets (defensive folding after major losses) in females, this compensatory effect was neutralized in high-trait males. These strategic biases remained independent of general anxiety and depression throughout the session, revealing a covert computational internalizing phenotype. CONCLUSION: This pilot study points toward a computational dimorphism: high-magnitude aggression in males mirrors visible externalizing symptoms, whereas low-magnitude avoidance in females aligns with covert internalizing symptoms. Identifying extreme risk-aversion as a characteristic feature of the female ASD phenotype provides a novel, computationally informed framework to improve the identification of overlooked individuals.

統合失調症の早期介入についての検討―認知機能障害の特徴とメタ認知トレーニングを用いた心理的介入の観点から－（博士論文）　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Mar. 2023, [Reviewed]

A preliminary analysis on the effect of metacognitive training in patients with schizophrenia.
江口聡; 里村嘉弘; 山崎修道; 市川絵梨子; 夏堀龍暢; 管心; 清水希実子; 石橋綾; 矢島明佳; 東山美恵; 株元麻美; 竹下保稔; 金原明子; 神出誠一郎; 笠井清登
精神科治療学, 2023, [Reviewed]

東京大学医学部附属病院における発達障害検査入院の試み①
15 Jun. 2020, [Reviewed]

Genetic influences on prefrontal activation during a verbal fluency task in children: A twin study using near-infrared spectroscopy.
Eisuke Sakakibara; Ryu Takizawa; Yuki Kawakubo; Hitoshi Kuwabara; Toshiaki Kono; Kasumi Hamada; Shiho Okuhata; Satoshi Eguchi; Ayaka Ishii-Takahashi; Kiyoto Kasai
Brain and behavior, Jun. 2018, [Reviewed]
OBJECTIVE: The genetic and environmental influences on prefrontal function in childhood are underinvestigated due to the difficulty of measuring prefrontal function in young subjects, for which near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a suitable functional neuroimaging technique that facilitates the easy and noninvasive measurement of blood oxygenation in the superficial cerebral cortices. METHOD: Using a two-channel NIRS arrangement, we measured changes in bilateral prefrontal blood oxygenation during a category version of the verbal fluency task (VFT) in 27 monozygotic twin pairs and 12 same-sex dizygotic twin pairs ages 5-17 years. We also assessed the participant's full-scale intelligence quotient (FIQ) and retrieved parental socioeconomic status (SES). Classical structured equation modeling was used to estimate the heritability. RESULTS: The heritability of VFT-related brain activation was estimated to be 44% and 37% in the right and left prefrontal regions, respectively. We also identified a significant genetic contribution (74%) to FIQ, but did not to VFT task performance. Parental SES was not correlated with FIQ, task performance, or task-related prefrontal activation. CONCLUSIONS: This finding provides further evidence that variance in prefrontal function has a genetic component since childhood and highlights brain function, as measured by NIRS, as a promising candidate for endophenotyping neurodevelopmental disorders.

Identifying neurocognitive markers for outcome prediction of global functioning in individuals with first-episode and ultra-high-risk for psychosis.
Kingo Sawada; Akiko Kanehara; Eisuke Sakakibara; Satoshi Eguchi; Mariko Tada; Yoshihiro Satomura; Motomu Suga; Shinsuke Koike; Kiyoto Kasai
Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences, May 2017, [Reviewed]
AIM: There is an increasing need for identifying neurocognitive predictors of global functional outcome in early psychosis toward optimizing an early intervention strategy. METHODS: We conducted a longitudinal observational study to investigate an association between neurocognitive assessments at baseline and global functional outcome at an average of 1-year follow up. Participants included ultra-high-risk for psychosis (UHR) individuals who had not converted to psychosis during the follow-up period (UHR-NP) and those with first-episode psychosis (FEP). We evaluated neurocognition at baseline using the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia Japanese version, including Verbal Memory, Working Memory, Motor Speed, Verbal Fluency, Attention/Processing Speed, and Executive Function. We also assessed global functional outcome using the modified Global Assessment of Functioning (mGAF) scale both at baseline and after the follow-up period. RESULTS: Thirty-four UHR-NP individuals (34/47, 72%) and 29 FEP individuals (29/36, 81%) completed assessment of neurocognitive function at baseline and functional outcome at follow up. In the UHR-NP group, Attention/Processing Speed was significantly associated with the mGAF score at follow up. In the FEP group, Executive Function was significantly associated with the average mGAF score during follow up. CONCLUSION: Attention/Processing Speed and Executive Function at baseline may predict global functional outcome of early psychosis. These neurocognitive tests are easy to incorporate in clinical settings and, if replicated in independent samples, may be included in routine clinical assessments for prediction of functional outcome in early psychosis.

医療機関における自閉スペクトラム症児の早期診断・早期支援(1)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Oct. 2016

医療機関における自閉スペクトラム症児の早期診断・早期支援(2)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Oct. 2016

Psychological symptom and social functioning subscales of the modified Global Assessment of Functioning scale: reliability and validity of the Japanese version.
Satoshi Eguchi; Shinsuke Koike; Motomu Suga; Ryu Takizawa; Kiyoto Kasai
Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences, Feb. 2015, [Reviewed]

Genetic influences on prefrontal activation during a verbal fluency task in adults: a twin study based on multichannel near-infrared spectroscopy.
Eisuke Sakakibara; Ryu Takizawa; Yukika Nishimura; Shingo Kawasaki; Yoshihiro Satomura; Akihide Kinoshita; Shinsuke Koike; Kohei Marumo; Masaru Kinou; Mamoru Tochigi; Nao Nishida; Katsushi Tokunaga; Satoshi Eguchi; Syudo Yamasaki; Tatsunobu Natsubori; Norichika Iwashiro; Hideyuki Inoue; Yosuke Takano; Kunio Takei; Motomu Suga; Hidenori Yamasue; Junko Matsubayashi; Kenji Kohata; Chie Shimojo; Shiho Okuhata; Toshiaki Kono; Hitoshi Kuwabara; Ayaka Ishii-Takahashi; Yuki Kawakubo; Kiyoto Kasai
NeuroImage, 15 Jan. 2014, [Reviewed]
Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) studies have reported that prefrontal hemodynamic dysfunction during executive function tasks may be a promising biomarker of psychiatric disorders, because its portability and noninvasiveness allow easy measurements in clinical settings. Here, we investigated the degree to which prefrontal NIRS signals are genetically determined. Using a 52-channel NIRS system, we monitored the oxy-hemoglobin (oxy-Hb) signal changes in 38 adult pairs of right-handed monozygotic (MZ) twins and 13 pairs of same-sex right-handed dizygotic (DZ) twins during a letter version of the verbal fluency task. Heritability was estimated based on a classical twin paradigm using structured equation modeling. Significant genetic influences were estimated in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and left frontal pole. The degrees of heritability were 66% and 75% in the variances, respectively. This implies that the prefrontal hemodynamic dysfunction observed during an executive function task measured by NIRS may be an efficient endophenotype for large-scale imaging genetic studies in psychiatric disorders.

Criterion and construct validity of the CogState Schizophrenia Battery in Japanese patients with schizophrenia.
Taisuke Yoshida; Motomu Suga; Kunimasa Arima; Yasuko Muranaka; Tsunehiko Tanaka; Satoshi Eguchi; Crystal Lin; Sumiko Yoshida; Masanori Ishikawa; Yuko Higuchi; Tomonori Seo; Yoshinori Ueoka; Masahito Tomotake; Yasuhiro Kaneda; David Darby; Paul Maruff; Masaomi Iyo; Kiyoto Kasai; Teruhiko Higuchi; Tomiki Sumiyoshi; Tetsuro Ohmori; Kiyohisa Takahashi; Kenji Hashimoto
PloS one, 2011, [Reviewed]
BACKGROUND: The CogState Schizophrenia Battery (CSB), a computerized cognitive battery, covers all the same cognitive domains as the Measurement and Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia (MATRICS) Consensus Cognitive Battery but is briefer to conduct. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the criterion and construct validity of the Japanese language version of the CSB (CSB-J) in Japanese patients with schizophrenia. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Forty Japanese patients with schizophrenia and 40 Japanese healthy controls with matching age, gender, and premorbid intelligence quotient were enrolled. The CSB-J and the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia, Japanese-language version (BACS-J) were performed once. The structure of the CSB-J was also evaluated by a factor analysis. Similar to the BACS-J, the CSB-J was sensitive to cognitive impairment in Japanese patients with schizophrenia. Furthermore, there was a significant positive correlation between the CSB-J composite score and the BACS-J composite score. A factor analysis showed a three-factor model consisting of memory, speed, and social cognition factors. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: This study suggests that the CSB-J is a useful and rapid automatically administered computerized battery for assessing broad cognitive domains in Japanese patients with schizophrenia.

外来(デイケア)における実践のヒント—特集 CBT for psychosis : 幻覚・妄想に対処する ; 場面にあわせたCBTp活用術 : 治療形態別アプローチ
Mar. 2019

成人の自閉スペクトラム症の特徴と心理教育 : 心理検査からの特徴—第59回日本児童青年精神医学会総会特集(3)こころの発達を支える : 素質と環境との相互作用の中で ; 成人の発達障害セミナー 成人自閉スペクトラム症の特徴と心理教育
2019

若年統合失調症を対象とした通過型デイケアでメタ認知トレーニングを行う際の工夫
2018

A病院デイケアにおけるメタ認知トレーニングの効果の検討
2018

統合失調症UPDATE-脳・生活・人生の統合的理解にもとづく“価値医学”の最前線 生活-保健・医療・福祉・教育の統合 これからの生活臨床
2017

A病院におけるメタ認知訓練法の効果の検討
2017

早期精神病に対する機能的アウトカムの予測における神経心理検査の有用性の検討
2016

東京大学医学部附属病院におけるメタ認知訓練法の効果について
2016

外来統合失調症患者に対するメタ認知訓練法
2015

外来におけるメタ認知訓練法の試み
2014

統合失調症 IV.特論 アウトリーチの概念とその実践
2013

精神障害のリハビリテーション 統合失調症とリハビリテーション
2013

精神病症状に対するメタ認知訓練法の実施少数例の結果の予備的な検討
2012

双生児研究法による近赤外線スペクトロスコピーの前頭側頭部血流変化における遺伝的要因の検討
2012

精神科デイケアにおけるアウトリーチ支援を生かした就学支援の取り組み~東大デイホスピタルの実践から~
2012

統合失調症認知評価尺度を用いた精神病発症前後における予後予測因子の検討
2012

CogState統合失調症バッテリー日本語版の妥当性
2011

統合失調症認知評価尺度-日本語版(SCoRS-J)による認知機能評価に対する臨床病期の影響(第2報)
2011